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If you have Rh-negative blood, the father’s blood will be tested. Erythroblastosis fetalis is suspected if the baby’s blood flow is affected. If your antibody levels start to rise, a doctor may recommend a test to detect fetal cerebral artery blood flow, which isn’t invasive to the baby. If initial testing shows your baby may be at risk for erythroblastosis fetalis, your blood will be continually tested for antibodies throughout your pregnancy - approximately every two to four weeks. It’s difficult to test for a fetus’s blood type and doing so can increase the risk for complications. The test will also help them determine whether you have anti-Rh antibodies in your blood from a previous pregnancy. To diagnose erythroblastosis fetalis, a doctor will order a routine blood test during your first prenatal visit. How is erythroblastosis fetalis diagnosed? However, babies can carry rare antigens that can put them at risk for erythroblastosis fetalis. This condition is almost always less harmful or threatening to the baby than Rh incompatibility. This occurs when the mother’s blood type of A, B, or O isn’t compatible with the baby’s. ABO incompatibilityĪnother type of blood type mismatch that can cause maternal antibodies against her baby’s blood cells is ABO incompatibility. These antibodies will attack the blood cells if you ever become pregnant with another Rh-positive baby. However, when the Rh-positive child is born, your body will create antibodies against the Rh factor. If you’re pregnant with your first baby, Rh incompatibility isn’t as much of a concern. Your blood cells attack the baby’s as a protective mechanism that can end up harming the child. In such a case, your baby’s Rh antigens will be perceived as foreign invaders, the way viruses or bacteria are perceived. Rh incompatibility occurs when a Rh-negative mother is impregnated by a Rh-positive father. If you have AB negative blood, then you have both A and B antigens without the Rh factor antigen. Antigens are substances that trigger an immune response in your body.
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For example, if you’re type A and Rh positive, you have A antigens and Rh factor antigens on the surface of your RBCs. In addition, blood can be either Rh positive or Rh negative. Both causes are associated with blood type. There are two main causes of erythroblastosis fetalis: Rh incompatibility and ABO incompatibility.